• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a working machine, particularly in the form of a dump truck or a truck, having a diesel-electric drive, comprising at least one internal combustion engine (40), at least one generator (60 ), at least one set of power electronics (100) and at least one electric motor (80), the power electronics (100) being at least partially arranged in the area of a drive axle (16) of the working machine.
    公开号:FR3018226A1
    申请号:FR1551876
    申请日:2015-03-05
    公开日:2015-09-11
    发明作者:Kai Kugelstadt；Adrien Levaray；Burkhard Richthammer
    申请人:Liebherr Mining Equipment Colmar SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention relates to a working machine, particularly in the form of a dump truck or a truck, having a diesel-electric drive, comprising at least one internal combustion engine, at least one generator, at least one set power electronics and at least one electric motor. Tipper trucks or large dump trucks are used mainly for the extraction of coal or the extraction of ores for the transportation of coal, mineral matter and ores. These bulk trucks are manufactured in sizes of over 90 tons (90,000 kg) up to multiples of 100 tons by weight and under load, so that they have very large overall dimensions. A diesel-electric engine is used to drive the displacement means, the mechanical energy generated by a diesel engine being converted by a generator into electrical energy to power the electrical displacement means (hereinafter referred to as also 20 electric drive means). The reason for this is that diesel engines, like all internal combustion engines, can only operate with ideal efficiency in a very limited speed range and can not be started under load. AC motors for drive shafts can produce the desired torque also in the lower part of the speed range to start. The internal combustion engine can operate continuously in the ideal speed range. Proper power electronics are then required for controlling one or more electric motors and the generator. It generally includes one or more frequency converters for adjusting the speed of these electric motors. In known working machines, in particular in dump trucks, a large radiator is disposed above the bumper in the part of the working machine at the front in the direction of travel, ie say in the direction of the forward movement, and an upper plateau on which one can walk is arranged still above. The driver's cab is typically arranged laterally above one of the wheels at the top plate. A switch cabinet which is accessible from the top plate and which includes the power electronics necessary for control or regulation of the generator and the driven electric motors, is installed close to the driver's cab on the top plate. On the other hand, the generator or the electric motors themselves are installed on the chassis of the vehicle, the electric motors being preferably integrated in the driven rear axle and the generator being mounted close to the internal combustion engine. Due to the large size of the working machine, long connections are required to connect the generator to the power electronics or the power electronics to the electric motors. The cable network must, therefore, lead the generator into the vehicle chassis several meters up to the top plate of the vehicle and from there back into the chassis of the vehicle to the driven rear axle. However, long cable paths increase the cabling effort. Long cable lengths also increase the probability of electromagnetic interference, especially between power lines and signal lines, for transmitting control signals to the generator and the electric motor. The object of the present invention is to provide an alternative arrangement of the diesel-electric drive chain which can overcome the problems referred to above. The object of the invention is achieved from a known working machine, in particular in the form of a dump truck or a truck, having a diesel-electric drive, comprising at least one internal combustion engine , at least one generator, at least one set of power electronics and at least one electric motor. From this, it is proposed according to the present invention that the power electronics is at least partially arranged in the area of a driving axle of the working machine. An essential shortening of the necessary length of the connections between the power electronics and the electric motor is obtained by the arrangement of the power electronics in the drive axle zone, ie in the zone. electric motors that need to be powered. The power electronics are therefore no longer installed - as is known in the state of the art - on the top plate of a mining vehicle but, instead, near the base in the area of the mine. drive axle of the vehicle. This not only results in easy access to the power electronics for maintenance, but at the same time the link paths between the electrical components are shortened, whereby the probability of electromagnetic interference is minimized. In addition, the risk for personnel operating the work machine is further reduced since the power electronics are no longer in the danger zone of the driver's cab on the upper platen. The generator or generators, the power electronics and the electric motor (s) are arranged particularly advantageously one behind the other on the vehicle in the direction of travel, in particular on the chassis of the vehicle. This not only results in particularly short connection paths between the electric motor and the power electronics, but also between the generator and the power electronics. The advantages already described above of the arrangement according to the invention are further optimized. An installation of the power electronics at least partially between the generator and the drive axle is particularly and advantageously appropriate. The vehicle frame typically comprises at least two parallel-extending profiles which extend at least in an area parallel to the longitudinal extent of the vehicle. These profiles are generally called "longerons". Ideally, the power electronics can be mounted at least partially between the two longitudinal members of the chassis. The installation between the 10 chassis side members provides additional protection for the power electronics. In addition, this installation location is interesting for maintenance since it is easily accessible from the ground and no other component of the work machine blocks access. According to an alternative, the power electronics can also be mounted at least partially outside on the vehicle frame, that is to say on the outer face of the side members. It is also conceivable that a portion of the power electronics is mounted between the chassis side members and the other portion is mounted externally on at least one of the side members. There is the possibility that a corresponding component of the power electronics may be installed either on or to the left sill of the vehicle chassis or on or to the right sill 25 of the vehicle chassis. The power electronics can be integrated into a single part in a common housing that can be attached either between the chassis members of the vehicle frame or outside on one of the vehicle side rails. It is also conceivable that the power electronics is divided into two or more functional modules and each functional module comprises an encapsulated package. In this case, a common arrangement in the chassis of the vehicle, that is to say between the longitudinal members of the vehicle, or a common arrangement outside the chassis of the vehicle is conceivable. At the same time, the installation of a first functional module in the chassis between the chassis side members and the mounting of the second or another functional module outside the chassis are conceivable. In other words, according to the invention, the functional modules can be arranged in the chassis between the chassis side members and / or outside on the chassis of the vehicle. Many other installation possibilities for the individual functional modules of the power electronics are obviously conceivable without being listed here exclusively. The aim of the invention is to dimension the distance of the power electronics, ie at least some of the most important functional modules, the generator and / or the driving axle. possible low to obtain the advantages according to the invention. A particular advantage of the technical solution according to the invention is the fact that the power electronics is easily accessible, preferably when the bucket of the working machine is tilted in a raised position, so that maintenance work, installation and / or disassembly are simplified. During regular operation, the power electronics are protected against external environmental influences by the bucket on the one hand, and by the chassis of the vehicle, on the other hand. The bucket is tilted up for installation, and easy access from near the ground is obtained. It is conceivable for this purpose, that one or more lifting devices are provided on the working machine, especially in the area of the bucket and particularly preferably the lower front edge of the bucket, in order to be able to lift the electronics power supply or individual functional modules. A simple possibility of installing or dismounting the power electronics or individual components of the power electronics can be given using the hoist. In addition to the vertical lifting movement, the hoist can also make a horizontal movement of the load in order to easily move the raised functional modules. Other features, details and advantages of the invention are described with the aid of embodiments shown in the drawings, wherein: FIGS. 1 to 4 are a plurality of representations of a dump truck according to the invention FIG. 5 is a detailed perspective view of a truck drive chain according to the invention; FIGS. 6 to 8 are diagrammatic representations of the drive chain according to the invention according to different modes of Fig. 9 is a detailed view of the power electronics, Fig. 10 is a side view of the dump truck with a hoist, and Figs. 11a-llc include various schematic representations of the vehicle frame. with different installation positions of the power electronics according to the invention. A dump truck 10 is shown in Figures 1 to 4. This is what is called a large dump truck as used in ore mines. Front wheels 14 and rear wheels 16, driven by electric motors not shown in greater detail, are mounted on a rigid frame 12. The rear wheels 16 are drawn with double tires. A bucket 18 is pivotally mounted on the frame 12 can be tilted by hydraulic cylinders 20 30 arranged on both sides of the vehicle. The vehicle 10 is delimited by a bumper 22 in the area of the vehicle 10 at the front in the direction of travel. A radiator module 24 is arranged above the bumper 22. An upper plate 26 extends over the width of the dump truck 10 again above the radiator module 24. A driver's cab 28 is arranged on one side of the upper platen 26. In the embodiment shown here, the driver's cab 28 is disposed on the side of the upper platen 26 which is left in the direction of travel. The driver's cab is thus disposed on the left front wheel 14.
    [0002] The dump truck 10 comprises a diesel-electric engine which is easy to recognize in the perspective view of the chassis 12 of the vehicle in FIG. 5. The engine comprises the diesel engine 40 which is mounted on the chassis 12 of the vehicle in the zone frontal view in the direction of displacement. The internal combustion engine 40 is more particularly located in the region of the front axle 14 under the upper plate 26 and the driver's cab 28. The required fuel tank is disposed between the front wheel axle and the axle of the fuel. rear wheels 14, 16 on the chassis 12 on the left side of the vehicle in the direction of travel. The internal combustion engine 40 drives the generator 60 mechanically to generate the electrical energy necessary for electric propulsion. Two AC motors 80 which are integrated left and right in the axis of the rear wheels 16, serve as driving means for these wheels. The use of different engines per vehicle side of the rear axle 16 optimizes turns and maneuvers since different speeds can be selected for the driving wheels. A power electronics 100 with the necessary power components such as frequency converters etc., is available for the control and regulation of the electric motors 80 and the generator 60.
    [0003] Many secondary consumers of the dump truck are no longer driven electrically by the energy generated by the generator 60 but are supplied with hydraulics. These secondary consumers are, for example, the hydraulic cylinders 20, the direction of the dump truck 10 which is also implemented hydraulically, and one or two hydraulic fan motors for cooling the electric motors 80, the power electronics 100, the generator 60 and other components. The hydraulic fluid required for the secondary consumers comes from a hydraulic fluid reservoir 32 which is disposed on a side of the vehicle 10 opposite that where the fuel tank 31 is located. According to the detail view of FIG. frame 12 of the vehicle comprises two longitudinal sections 12a, 12b of the frame, the longitudinal members, which extend parallel to each other and in the center of which the entire drive chain is supported. In the embodiment shown, a transfer case 50 is mounted directly on the motor 40 at the rear in the area of the drive shaft. The transfer case comprises a continuous shaft connected at the output side via a cardan shaft 55 to the generator 60. The output power is thus transferred to the generator 60 with almost no loss. The transfer case 50 is further provided with a plurality of power takeoffs 51, 52 whereby a small portion of the output power of the motor is diverted and used for the training of secondary consumers. In the variant embodiment of FIG. 5, it has proved advantageous that the cardan shaft 55 serves only to transmit the torque required to the generator 60. The load of the transfer case 50 does not come into contact with the cardan shaft 55. The power of the internal combustion engine 40, especially in high-power engines for dump trucks, generates strong vibrations which can be transmitted to the generator 60 via the cardan shaft 55. Due to the design, the generator 60 is exposed to any vibration so that an additional coupling is integrated between the generator 60 and the diesel engine 40. A coupling with an integrated torsional vibration damper is more particularly integrated in the transfer box 50.
    [0004] The embodiment shown in Fig. 5 creates an additional construction space at the end of the generator so that a rotary resolver / encoder 70 finds room between the power electronics 100 and the generator 60 (see Fig. 6). . The available construction space allows the use of traditional resolvers 70 which can be installed without any new complex or expensive concept and without any modification. Additional development and production costs can thus be avoided. The drive components 40, 50, 60 are mounted on the frame by means of clamps. According to the representation in FIG. 5, the fikation means of the internal combustion engine 40 must additionally support the weight of the transfer case 50. The attachment means of the generator 60 are welded laterally in order to fix the generator to the longitudinal members 12a. , 12b in the area between the two. For the sake of clarity, the embodiment of FIG. 5 is further schematically shown in FIG. 6. Transfer box 50 includes a third power tap in addition to sockets 51, 52 shown in FIG. The second power take-off 52 drives the hydraulic steering pump to provide the hydraulic pressure needed to operate the cylinders 20, for example, by the first power take-off 51. An additional hydraulic pump is coupled to the third power plug 53 for exerting pressure on one or more hydraulic fan motors or other hydraulic consumers. The representations of FIGS. 5 and 6 show a total of three power sockets, but embodiments with fewer power sockets or, on the contrary, with more power sockets are conceivable as long as the power required for the generator can be provided. . The individual hydraulic pumps are coupled to the power taps 51, 52, 53 by flywheel areas. According to an alternative with respect to the embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6, the transfer box 50 can also be arranged directly at the generator 60, as can be seen in FIG. 8, with an inverted assembly with respect to FIGS. at the entrance of the generator. The connection between the motor output shaft and the transfer case is established by the cardan shaft 55. In this case, the cardan shaft 55 must provide the total power required to drive the generator 60 and the transfer case 50. The alternative embodiment provides the advantage that the internal combustion engine can be changed more easily since there is only one coupling of the cardan shaft 55 to be disassembled. . In addition, the fixing means necessary for the internal combustion engine do not have to bear the additional weight of the transfer case 50 to the frame 12 of the dump truck 10. An additional support of the generator 20 can also be formed via Transfer box 50. Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 7, in which transfer case 50 is directly connected to internal combustion engine 40 and generator 60. An additional cardan shaft can be fitted through the generator 60 to allow the coupling of an additional power outlet 54 to the output of the generator 60. In the known solutions of the state of the art, the power electronics for a diesel-electric drive of a dump truck was arranged in a large switch cabinet on the upper platform near the driver's cab. However, because of the high electrical power generated, a great potential danger emanates from the power electronics. The switch cabinet with integrated power electronics must therefore be handled or opened and serviced only by specially trained technicians. Due to the large dimensions of the dump truck 10, long connecting paths had to be accepted in the earlier arrangements of the switch cabinet on the top plate for the electrical connection of the power electronics to the generator, a on the other hand, and the electric motors integrated in the rear axle. The necessary cable network must therefore be brought first from the generator into the chassis several meters up on the top plate of the vehicle and must be brought back from there back into the vehicle frame to the engine rear axle. Long feed paths, however, increase the cabling effort. In addition, the long cable length increases the probability of electromagnetic interference, especially between the power cables and the signal cables for transmitting control signals to the generator and the electric motor. The design of the dump truck 10 according to the invention differs from prior known solutions of the state of the art and instead proposes not to position the power electronics 100 on the upper plate 26 but as close as possible to the diesel-electric drive chain, that is to say in the area of the rear axle motor 16 in the direct vicinity of the electric motors 80 and / or the generator 60. A possible installation position of the The power electronics 100 are shown in FIG. 5. A reduced distance from the generator 60 and the electric motors 80 in the motor rear axle 16 is achieved by integrating the power electronics 100 into the chassis 12 of the vehicle. Power supply paths and relatively short signal paths are obtained thereby, and undesired interferences between the lines are minimized and interference influences on the control signals are thereby reduced. The entire wiring of the diesel-electric drive is of a much simpler design than for the known solutions of the state of the art. The entire power electronics 100 is also not housed in a common housing (switching cabinet) but has a modular design. According to the exemplary representation of Figure 9, the power electronics 100 comprises three separate functional modules 101, 102, 103 each of which is housed in its own encapsulated package. FIG. 9 shows the box-like functional modules 101, 102, 103 arranged in close proximity to one another and in a line on a receiving support 110. The encapsulated housings are made in a solid construction and thereby provide protection against external influences such as water, dust and stone throwing. The power electronics or the individual functional modules 101, 102, 103 are mounted in the region of the rear motor axis 16 between the two longitudinal sections 12a, 12b by means of the receiving or mounting support 110. front and rear faces of the individual functional modules 101, 102, 103, that is to say the sides of the box shape which are opposite the generator 60 and the electric motors 80, comprise a plurality of electrical connectors 104, 105 for a reciprocal connection of the functional modules 101, 102, 103 and for connecting the generator 60 and the electric motor 80. The medium functional module 102, for example, includes all the control components necessary for the control and regulation of the generator. 60. For this, the generator 60 is connected to the power electronics via the connector 104 at the front of the functional module 102. The functional modules 101, 103 comprise, for example, The frequency converters required for the power supply of the electric motors 80, the functional modules 101, 103 being each associated with precisely a corresponding electric motor 80. The connections between the functional modules 101, 102, 103 are then established via the available connectors 105 on the rear face of the functional modules 101, 102, 103, that is to say on the sides facing the electric motors 80. The connection with the motors 80 is established in the same way via the connectors 105. The wiring is not shown in FIG. 5 but is indicated diagrammatically in FIGS. 6 to 8. In addition to the electrical connectors 104, 105, external connectors 108 for integrated fluid-based cooling of the power modules is available at the front. Each encapsulated casing of the functional modules 101, 102, 103 therefore comprises its own integrated cooling. The representation of FIG. 5 shows a common arrangement of the available functional modules 101, 102, 103 of the power electronics 100 between the longitudinal members 12a, 12b of the chassis 12 of the vehicle. This arrangement corresponds to the schematic representation according to FIG. 11a which shows the frame 12 of the vehicle in a view from above.
    [0005] An alternative arrangement can be seen in Figure 11b, in which the power electronics is no longer mounted between the longitudinal members 12a, 12b but to the right outside the spar 12b, seen in the direction of travel. A mounting of the entire power electronics 100 on the left side, seen in the direction of travel, that is to say on the spar 12a, is of course also conceivable. Figure 11c shows another possibility according to which individual functional modules of the power electronics 100 are mounted to the left and to the right near the longitudinal members 12a, 12b. For example, a distribution of the functional modules 101, 102, 103 on different mounting positions on the chassis is possible, for example to reduce as much as possible the distance between the functional modules 101, 103, dedicated to electric motors, and the electric motors 80 correspondents.
    [0006] Apart from the embodiments shown in FIGS. 11a to 11c, an arrangement is conceivable in which a part of the power electronics 100 is mounted between the longitudinal members 12a, 12b of the chassis 12 of the vehicle, while another part is climb outside. Figure 10 now shows another advantage of the presented solution. In addition to the technical advantages already presented ,. improved access for maintenance work, installation and dismantling of the power electronics 100 results from the installation of the power electronics 100 close to the ground. Only the bucket 18 must be tilted to access the power electronics (Figure 10). The necessary modules 101, 102, 103 can be disassembled either individually or together and no longer need to be transported over the long distance to the top plate 26 of the dump truck 10 and from it to the ground. In addition, it is possible to provide that, in the event of failure of the power electronics, individual modules 101, 102, 103 can be replaced directly and no longer need to be repaired on site. Thus, it is no longer necessary to have specially trained technicians on site and the downtime due to a fault can be minimized.
    [0007] Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 10, at least one hoist may be attached to the lower edge of the bucket 18 in order to support the power electronics 100 or individual functional modules 101, 102, 103 for assembly or disassembly.
    [0008] The ideally used lifting device allows, in addition to the vertical lifting movement, a horizontal movement to move the load taken. It is further indicated that the advantageous arrangements of the power electronics 100 to the chassis 12 of the vehicle (FIGS. 11a to 11c) do not only apply to a modular design of the power electronics but also to a traditional design with only one case. A modular design of the power electronics is also conceivable when it is mounted on the upper plate 26 or elsewhere on the vehicle 10.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Working machine, especially in the form of a dump truck (10) or truck, having a diesel-electric drive, comprising at least one internal combustion engine (40), at least one generator (60), at least one power electronics unit (100) and at least one electric motor (80), characterized in that the power electronics (100) is at least partially arranged in the area of a driving axle (16) of the working machine.
    [0002]
    2. Work machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the generator (s) (60), the power electronics (100) and the OR electric motors (80) are arranged one behind the other on the vehicle in the direction of travel on the chassis (12) of the vehicle.
    [0003]
    3. Working machine according to 20 previous characterized in that in particular one of the claims that the power electronics (100) is disposed at least partially between the generator (60) and the driving axle (16).
    [0004]
    4. Work machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power electronics (100) is disposed at least partially between two longitudinal members (12a, 12b) of the chassis (12) of the vehicle.
    [0005]
    5. Working machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the power electronics (100) is mounted at least partially outside on the chassis (12) of the vehicle.
    [0006]
    Work machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power electronics (100) is divided into two or more functional modules (101, 102, 103) and each functional module 3-5 comprises a housing encapsulated.
    [0007]
    Work machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the functional modules (101, 102, 103) are arranged in the frame (12) between the longitudinal members (12a, 12b) of the frame (12) and / or outside frame (12) of the vehicle.
    [0008]
    8. Working machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power electronics (100) is accessible for maintenance, installation and / or disassembly work when bucket (18) of the working machine ( 10) is tilted to the high position.
    [0009]
    9. Working machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a lifting device for installation or dismantling is provided on the working machine (10), in particular in the area of the bucket (18). ). from
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AU2015200970B2|2018-03-08|
    CA2883025A1|2015-09-06|
    FR3018226B1|2019-06-14|
    CN204870508U|2015-12-16|
    US20150251610A1|2015-09-10|
    RU2015107848A3|2018-08-30|
    RU2015107848A|2016-09-27|
    ZA201501486B|2016-01-27|
    DE102014003203A1|2015-09-10|
    RU2681463C2|2019-03-06|
    US9771037B2|2017-09-26|
    AU2015200970A1|2015-09-24|
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    法律状态:
    2016-05-09| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-04-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-12-01| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20171201 |
    2018-03-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-04-01| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-03-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014003203.5|2014-03-06|
    DE102014003203.5A|DE102014003203A1|2014-03-06|2014-03-06|Work machine, in particular dump truck or truck|
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